What is a full frame camera?
A full-frame camera is simply a type of digital camera that has a sensor the same size as a 35mm film frame (36mm x 24mm). Both DSLR and Mirrorless cameras can be full frame (see this blog on buying a new camera, for an explanation of the main camera types)
Do I really need one?
On my training courses and weekend workshops, I always stress to my students that spending money on new kit is the LAST thing they should consider when looking to improve their photography. There is far more to be gained, in terms of improving your photography, by learning about my ten ingredients of a great landscape photo, especially by learning about composition, light, and how to better use the camera you already have.
However, if you are thinking about changing your camera, there are a number of reasons why you should consider a full frame camera (36mm wide), rather than one with a smaller sensor (such as APS-C which are 22mm wide, or Micro Four Thirds which are 17mm wide). Below are some of the main reasons why.
Better image quality
Higher resolution: Full frame sensors normally have higher image resolution, providing more detail and better image quality overall. This is especially important for larger prints or high resolution displays.
Better dynamic range: Full frame sensors can capture a wider range of light and shadows. This permits images with more detail in both the shadows and the bright areas.
Better low light performance
Less noise at higher ISO: Larger sensors have larger pixels which allows them to capture more light. This means less noisy images at higher ISO settings, making full frame sensors much better for low light photography.
Better signal to noise: The ability to gather more light improves the signal to noise ratio, which producer 'cleaner' better looking images.
Shallower depth of field
Full-frame cameras can achieve a shallower depth of field, which is advantageous for portrait photography and artistic shots where background blur (bokeh) is desired.
Wide angle lens advantage
Full-frame sensors utilize the full field of view of wide-angle lenses, providing a true wide-angle experience without the crop factor associated with using lenses on cameras with smaller sensors.
Better lens performance
Many lenses are designed with full-frame sensors in mind, allowing them to perform at their best. This often results in sharper images and better optical performance when used on a full frame camera.
Professional build and features
Full-frame cameras often come with more robust, weather-sealed bodies and advanced features, better suited to professional photographers and serious enthusiasts.
Greater crop flexibility
The higher resolution and better image quality of full-frame sensors provide more flexibility to crop images without losing significant detail.
Are there any disadvantages?
Although they have a lot of advantages over their small sensor counterparts, there are also a number of disadvantages that you need to weigh up before taking the jump into full frame photography:
Higher Price: Full-frame cameras are generally more expensive than their APS-C or Micro Four Thirds counterparts. This includes not only the camera body but also lenses and accessories.
Larger and Heavier: Full-frame cameras and lenses are typically bigger and heavier, making them less portable and more cumbersome for travel or long shooting sessions.
Expensive Lenses: Lenses designed for full-frame cameras tend to be more expensive and larger than those for crop sensor cameras, and there are less budget friendly options available.
Shallower Depth of Field: While a shallow depth of field can be advantageous for portrait photography, it can be a drawback for landscape or macro photography where more depth of field is often desirable.
Shorter Battery Life: Due to the larger sensor and often more power-hungry features, full-frame cameras generally have shorter battery life compared to crop sensor cameras.
Steeper Learning Curve: Full-frame cameras often come with more complex controls and features that can be overwhelming for beginners.
Final words
Buying a new camera is a big investment and can be a minefield, and although I try and dissuade my students from spending money on kit, sometimes it's a necessity. So, if you are currently considering a new camera, it's seriously worth considering a full frame DSLR or Mirrorless, since they provide many features and benefits which will help to improve your photography.
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